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Ancient Greece wasn’t just philosophers and democracy, punishment could be brutal. From exile and execution to the terrifying legend of the Brazen Bull, this is how the Greeks kept order.
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Further Reading:
Brouwers, Josho. “The Death Penalty in Athens.” Ancient World Magazine. April 6, 2018. https://www.ancientworldmagazine.com/articles/death-penalty-classical-athens/
Allen, Danielle S. “Punishment in Ancient Athens.” Center for Hellenic Studies, Harvard. https://chs.harvard.edu/discussion-series-athenian-law-lectures-15/
“The Brazen Bull: Killed by Own Creation.” The Classical Association in Northern Ireland. Posted on September 8, 2024, last updated January 17, 2025. https://classicalassociationni.wordpress.com/2024/09/08/the-brazen-bull-killed-by-own-creation/
Milne, Andrew. “The History of the Brazen Bull, the Bronze Torture Device Allegedly used in Ancient Greece.” AllthingsInteresting.com. Updated April 2, 2024. https://allthatsinteresting.com/brazen-bull
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "ostracism." Encyclopedia Britannica, May 1, 2025. https://www.britannica.com/topic/ostracism.
Gannon, Megan. “Ancient Greeks Voted to Kick Politicians out of Athens if Enough People didn’t like them.” Smithsonianmag.com. October 27, 2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/ancient-athenians-voted-kick-politicians-out-if-enough-people-didnt-them-180976138/
Burn, A.R., Kuiper, K. "Themistocles." Encyclopedia Britannica, April 30, 2025. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Themistocles.
Linder, Douglas O. “The Trial of Socrates.” Famous-trials.com. https://famous-trials.com/socrates/833-h
“Poison Hemlock.” ClevelandClinic.org. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24122-poison-hemlock
Credit:
Simple History Creator: Daniel Turner (B.A. (Hons) in History, University College London)
Video Directors: Anthony Barrett, Denis Blinov
Script: Robert De Graaf
Script Review: Denis Blinov
Narrator: Chris Kane (https://vocalforge.com)
Artists: ShyShelly, Arya Ahumada Lydisma
Animators: Kuldip Bheda, Krunal, Mani Kumar, Bharghavi
Editor: Alec Urbany
Brand Partnerships: Justin St-Laurent
Senior Production Manager: Umar Ijaz
Simple History Channel Manager: James Dowse